Assessment of Odontometric and Osteologic Traits for Gender Determination in South Indians: An Original Research.

In forensic, odontologic, genetic, and anthropological aspects, odontometric and osteologic features have long been a valuable source. The goal of this research was to correlate both the osteologic and odontometric characteristics to determine the most accurate approach for determining gender. A retrospective study involving 1000 adults, with equal gender distribution, was carried out utilizing digital panoramic radiography. The archives were searched for radiographic images of the subjects that were procured for the various procedures that ranged from implantations to rehabilitations. The measurement process was carried out with Image-Pro. There was a noticeable gender difference in the mesodistal breadth, which ranged from 17 to 47. Asymmetry of the lower jaw was considerable in both genders, as was gender variance in osseologic characteristics including ramus diameter and gonial angle. The two groups of attributes exhibited a substantial positive predictive value and thus can be used indetermining gender.

Assessment of the Efficacy of TMJ Arthroscopy-Assisted Masseter Nerve Avulsion on Hemimasticatory Spasm: An Original Research.

The goal of this study is to find a cure for the masticatory muscle disease known as hemimasticatory spasm (HMS). This retrospective investigation intends to find a more efficient therapeutic approach for HMS patients by examining the clinical effectiveness of masseteric nerve avulsion performed on HMS using a temporomandibular arthroscope. A clinical study was piloted where the subjects were treated for masseter nerve avulsion by TMJ arthroscopy. The follow-up was done till 2 years, and the subjects were evaluated for the various characteristics like difficulties, masticatory abilities, and various sounds at the joint for the various functions of the joint. The diagnosis was done using the electrophysiological electromyogram (EMG) at the designated time intervals. There was a complete remission in all the subjects. The masseter nerve avulsion was effective since the scores lowered. Within 3 years of the operation, electrophysiological EMG depicted no discharge potential with a high frequency, and the total efficiency when paired with the clinical effectiveness was deemed acceptable. The maximal masseter power between the treated and nontreated sides was comparable. The mastication, on comparing, was also as effective as the normal side; however, lower mastication was noted in the first year. The avulsed nerve tissues lacked any apparent demyelination. Masseteric nerve avulsion with temporomandibular arthroscope assistance provided acceptable and stable total effectiveness for the intervention of the hemimasticatory spasm. While the strength of the muscle of the afflicted side was only marginally reduced, its masticatory effectiveness was optimally preserved.

Evaluation of the Denture Impact on the Palatal Rugae: An Original Research.

Introduction: The palatal rugae may alter their shape based on the various physical pressures that they had to endure. This study's objective is to assess the various alterations in the palatal rugae parameters among the complete denture wearers. Materials and Procedures: Forty subjects in all were chosen for the study. The control group interventional groups had an equal number of participants who were further equally distributed based on gender. For all of the participants, mucostatic maxillary alginate imprints were taken, and gypsum castings were created. They were called at the scheduled intervals of 2, 6, and 12 months following the treatment. The models used during those recalls and all of the palatal rugae were examined under a microscope for quantity, length, form, orientation, and unifications. The unpaired t-test was used to statistically examine palatal rugae alterations. Results: Following the wear of the dentures, the experimental group's primary, secondary, and fragmented rugae all gradually shrank in length. In terms of statistics, the alteration solely affected primary rugae and was significant (P < 0.001). After a year of wearing dentures, a minimal change in rugae's form was noticed in the denture groups, but it was statistically not substantial (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Due to the prolonged mechanical stress the dentures placed on the palatal rugae, complete denture users saw a significant reduction in the length of their primary rugae. Rugae number, orientation, and unification were among the other criteria that did not change during the course of the study. Analysis of the palatal rugae may not be useful in identifying people wearing full dentures. However, in forensic investigations, rugae may act as an adjunct to other methods like fingerprints and DNA analysis.

Assessment of Pain Management After Orthognathic Surgery by the Administration of Montelukast: An Original Research.

Introduction: Opioid may cause undue risk after surgical procedures like orthognathic surgeries. The present study was aimed to determine how the preoperative administration of oral montelukast affected the degree of postoperative discomfort following bimaxillary orthognathic surgery (BOS). Methodology: This study included all skeletal class III subjects scheduled for BOS. The participants were split into placebo and montelukast groups at random. Every patient received a 10-mL serving of apple juice an hour prior to the surgery; however, for the intervention group, a montelukast 10 mg pill was dissolved in the juice. The same surgical team and general anesthetic guidelines were used for all procedures. The visual analog scale (VAS) was used to calculate postoperative pain at designated intervals. The significance level for the statistical analysis was determined using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Results: The control subjects had a higher level of pain at all the intervals than the intended drug test group. Also, the control group needed more analgesics than the test group. There was one observation made that the length of the surgery had an impact on the postoperative pain. Conclusion: Preoperative montelukast medication may be useful in minimizing postoperative discomfort following bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. More research is required for greater relevance.

Rare case of gemination of mandibular third molar-A case report.

Fusion and germination are the anomalies that occur due to some developmental eccentricity during the time of morpho-differentiation of the tooth bud and have a close resemblance to each other. The gemination is an attempt of the division of a single tooth into two and, hence, appears as an enlarged single tooth while the tooth count is normal when the affected tooth is counted as one. Its exact pathogenesis is ambiguous. This anomaly has been observed mostly in deciduous dentition as compared to that in permanent dentition. Gemination is rarely associated with the third molar and, hence, the terminology is arguable when this condition is seen in relation to the third molar. In the present article, a case of germination of mandibular third molar has been reported.